 | Tourism impacts on an Australian indigenous community
This study explored the impacts of tourism on an
Australian indigenous community, Djabugay people,
whose traditional land is located near Cairns, far north
Queensland. The community is an equity partner in the
Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park (the Park), located in
Smithfield, Cairns. The Park employs Djabugay people,
some of whom are also members of the Park’s Board of
Management.
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 | برنامه ریزی رسانه های تبلیغاتی
همان طور که همه حرفه ای های این صنعت آگاه هستند،اثر بخشی تبلیغات از طرفی وابسته به انتخاب صحیح پیام و طراحی درست و از سوی دیگر به درج و انتشار دقیق آن در رسانه بستگی دارد. ولی متأسفانه علیرغم رشد کمی این صنعت و صرف میلیارد ها تومان هزینه از سوی شرکت ها و موسسات صاحب آگهی هنوز انتخاب رسانه ها ،تجربی ، حسی و غیر علمی است.
کتاب حاضر یکی از کتب مرجع سازمان جهانی تبلیغات (IAA) در این حوزه است که مبانی پایه و اولیه ی برنامه ریزی رسانه های تبلیغاتی را آموزش می دهد و یادآوری می کند که بدون داشتن اطلاعات اولیه ی کافی، مانند میزان دسترسی، نرخ مخاطبان و... هرگونه برنامه ریزی رسانه ای حسی و غیر علمی است.
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 | Tourism development and economic growth
This paper applies the new heterogeneous panel cointegration technique to re-investigate the long-run comovements and causal
relationships between tourism development and economic growth for OECD and nonOECD countries (including those in Asia, Latin
America and Sub-Sahara Africa) for the 1990–2002 period. On the global scale, after allowing for the heterogeneous country effect, a
cointegrated relationship between GDP and tourism development is substantiated. It is also determined that tourism development has a
greater impact on GDP in nonOECD countries than in OECD countries, and when the variable is tourism receipts, the greatest impact is
in Sub-Sahara African countries. Additionally, the real effective exchange rate has significant effects on economic growth. Finally, in the
long run, the panel causality test shows unidirectional causality relationships from tourism development to economic growth in OECD
countries, bidirectional relationships in nonOECD countries, but only weak relationships in Asia. Our empirical findings have major
policy implications.
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